44 DeNardo, G., Becker, K., and Brown, N. (2001). Ovarian remnant syndrome: Revascularization of free‐floating ovarian tissue in the feline abdominal cavity. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 37: 290–296.
45 Denerolle, P., White, S.D., Taylor, T.S. et al. (2007). Organic diseases mimicking acral lick dermatitis in six dogs. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 43 (4): 215–220.
46 Dinnage, J.D. (2006). Measuring and assessing stress in shelter cats. North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, FL.
47 Dobson, J.M, (2013). Breed‐predispositions to cancer in pedigree dogs. ISRN Vet. Sci. 2013: 941275.
48 Dodman, N. H., Aronson, L., Cottam, N. et al. (2013). The effect of thyroid replacement in dogs with suboptimal thyroid function on owner‐directed aggression: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. J. Vet. Behav. 8: 225–230.
49 Dodman, N.H., Knowles, K.E., Shuster, L. et al. (1996). Behavioral changes associated with suspected complex partial seizures in bull terriers. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 208: 688–689.
50 Dodman, N.H., Miczek, K.A., Knowles, K. et al. (1992). Phenobarbital‐responsive episodic dyscontrol (rage) in dogs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 201: 1580–1583.
51 Epstein, M.E., Rodan, I., Griffenhagen, G. et al. (2015). 2015 AAHA/AAFP pain management guidelines for dogs and cats. J. Fel. Med. Surg. 17: 251–272.
52 Farhoody, P., Mallawaarachchi, I., Tarwater, P.M., et al. (2018). Aggression toward familiar people, strangers, and conspecifics in gonadectomized and intact dogs. Front. Vet. Sci. 5 (18): 1–13.
53 Feldman, E.C. and Nelson, R.W. (1996). Ovarian cycle and vaginal cytology. In: Canine and Feline Endocrinology and Reproduction, 3rd ed. (ed. R. Nelson), 526–546. St. Louis: Saunders.
54 Foster, E.S., Carillo, J.M., and Patnik, A.K. (1998). Clinical signs of tumors affecting the rostral cerebrum in 43 dogs. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2: 71–74.
55 Foster, J.A. and Neufeld, K.M. (2013). Gut‐brain axis: How the microbiome influences anxiety and depression. Trends Neurosci. 36 (5): 305–312.
56 Foyer, P., Willsson, E., Wright, D. et al. (2013). Early experiences modulate stress coping in a population of German shepherd dogs. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 146: 79–87.
57 Frank, D., Bélanger, M., Bécuwe‐Bonnet, V. et al. (2012). Prospective medical evaluation of 7 dogs presented with fly biting. Can. Vet. J. 53 (12): 1279.
58 Gerber, B., Boretti, F.S., Kley, S. et al. (2005). Evaluation of clinical signs and causes of lower urinary tract disease in European cats. J. Small Anim. Pract. 46: 571–577.
59 Gier, H.T. and Marion, G.B. (1970). Development of the mammalian testis. In: The Testis (eds. A.D. Johnson, W.R. Gomes, and N.L. Vanemark), 1–45. New York: Academic Press.
60 Godfrey, D.R. (2005). Osteoarthritis in cats: A retrospective radiological study. J. Small Anim. Pract. 46: 425–429.
61 Goldman, E.E., Breitschwerdt, E.B., Grindem, C.B. et al. (1998). Granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs from North Carolina and Virginia. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 12 (2): 61–70.
62 Greenlee, P.G. and Patnaik, A.K. (1985). Canine ovarian tumors of germ cell origin. Vet. Clin. Pathol. 22 (2): 117–122.
63 Griffin, B. (2001). Prolific cats: The estrous cycle. Compend. Contin. Educ. Vet. 23 (12): 1049–1057.
64 Gruffydd‐Jones, T.J. (1980). Acute mastitis in a cat. Feline Pract. 10 (6): 41–42.
65 Guy, N.C., Luescher, U.A., Dohoo, S.E. et al. (2001). Demographic and aggressive characteristics of dogs in a general veterinary caseload. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 74: 15–28.
66 Hardie, E.M., Roe, S.C. and Martin, F.R. (2002). Radiographic evidence of degenerative joint disease in geriatric cats: 100 cases (1994–1997). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 220: 628–632.
67 Hart, B.L. (2010). Beyond fever: Comparative perspectives on sickness behavior. In: Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, Vol. 1 (eds. M. Breed and J. Moore), 205–210. Oxford, UK: Academic Press.
68 Hart, B.L. (2011). Behavioural defences in animals against pathogens and parasites: Parallels with the pillars of medicine in humans. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. 366: 3406–3417.
69 Hart, B.L. and Barrett, R.E. (1973). Effects of castration on fighting, roaming, and urine spraying in adult male cats. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 163 (3): 290.
70 Hart, B.L. and Eckstein, R.A. (1997). The role of gonadal hormones in the occurrence of objectionable behaviours in dogs and cats. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 52 (3): 331–344.
71 Harvey, N.D, Craigon, P.J., Shaw, S.C. et al. (2019). Behavioural differences in dogs with atopic dermatitis suggest stress could be a significant problem associated with chronic pruritus. Animals 9 (10): 813.
72 Hayes, H.M., Milne, K.L., and Mandell, C.P. (1981). Epidemiological features of feline mammary carcinoma. Vet. Rec. 108 (22): 476–479.
73 Hayes, H.M. and Pendergrass, T.W. (1976). Canine testicular tumors: Epidemiologic features of 410 dogs. Int. J. Cancer 18 (4): 482–487.
74 Hayes, H.M., Wilson, G.P., Pendergrass, T.W. et al. (1985). Canine cryptorchism and subsequent testicular neoplasia: Case‐control study with epidemiologic update. Teratology 32 (1): 51–56.
75 Hennessy, M.B. (2013). Using hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal measures for assessing and reducing the stress of dogs in shelters: A review. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 149 (1–4): 1–12.
76 Hennessy, M.B., Davis, H.N., Williams, M.T. et al. (1997). Plasma cortisol levels of dogs at a public animal shelter. Physiol. Behav. 62: 485–490.
77 Holton, L.L., Scot, E.M., Nolan, A.M. et al. (1998). Comparison of three methods used for assessment of pain in dogs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 212: 61–66.
78 Hopkins, S.G., Schubert, T.A., Hart, B.L. (1976). Castration of adult male dogs: Effects on roaming, aggression, urine marking and mounting. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 168: 1108–1110.
79 Horváth, Z., Dóka, A., and Miklósi, Á. (2008). Affiliative and disciplinary behavior of human handlers during play with their dog affects cortisol in opposite directions. Horm. Behav. 54: 107–114.
80 Houlihan, K.E. (2017). A literature review on the welfare implications of gonadectomy of dogs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 250: 1155–1166.
81 Houpt, K.A. (2005). Domestic Animal Behavior for Veterinarians and Animal Scientists, 4th ed. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
82 Houpt, K.A. (2011). Domestic Animal Behavior for Veterinarians and Animal Scientists, 5th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Blackwell.
83 Howe, L.M., Slater, M.R., Boothe, H.W. et al. (2001). Long‐term outcome of gonadectomy performed at an early age or traditional age in dogs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 218 (2): 217–221.
84 Hrovat, A., De Keuster T., Koostra, H.S. et al. (2018). Behavior in dogs with spontaneous hypothyroidism during treatment with levothyroxine. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 33: 64–71.
85 Hunt, H.R. (1919). Birth of two unequally developed cat fetuses (Felis domestica). Anat. Rec. 16 (6): 371–378.
86 Jemmett, J.E. and Evans, J.M. (1977). A survey of sexual behaviour and reproduction of female cats. J. Small Anim. Pract. 18 (1): 31–37.
87 Jensen, P. (2014). Behaviour epigenetics—The connection between environment, stress and welfare. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 157: 1–7.
88 Johnston, S.D. (1980). False pregnancy in the bitch. In: Current Theory in Theriogenology (ed. D.A. Morrow), 623–662. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
89 Johnston, S.D. (1986). Pseudopregnancy in the bitch. In: Current Theory in Theriogenology, 2nd ed. (ed. D.A. Morrow), 490–491. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
90 Jones, A. and Josephs, R.A. (2006). Interspecies hormonal interactions between man and the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). Horm. Behav. 50: 393–400.
91 Jones,