1.3 Knowledge Engineering as a Modelling Process
There is also a consensus that the KBS construction approach may be used as a modeling operation. It is not intended to construct a cognitively appropriate model, but to build a model that offers similar results for problem-solving problems in the area of concern as seen in Figure 1.2.
Figure 1.2 Knowledge as modelling process.
Building a KBS requires building a programming model to acquire problem-solving capabilities like those of a domain specialist. This material is not directly available; therefore, it needs to be created and arranged.
1.4 Tools
Intelligence engineers make the more efficient and less bogus use of dedicated computational tools for the acquisition, simulation, and handling of intelligence. PC PACK is a versatile compilation of this programmed, commercially available as a package of knowledge technology tools that are designed to be tested on a wide range of projects. The aim is to consider the key characteristics of the domain. The method simulates how anyone should label a text page with different colors such as green for suggestions and yellow for attributes. The labeled text would immediately be placed in the PCPACK database to be applied to all other resources when the user has highlighted a document. The MOKA and Popular KADS Methodologies are supported by the CFPACK. It is also fully compliant with information engineering approaches and techniques. The CFPACK is a software suite that includes the following
1 (i) Protocol tool: It enables the discovery, recognition, and definition of interview transcripts, conclusions, and documentation that may be included in the knowledge base.
2 (ii) Ladder Tool: This allows hierarchies of knowledge elements such as meanings, features, procedures, and specifications to be developed.
3 (iii) Chart Tool: This allows users to build mobile networks of connections between data elements, such as process maps, maps of ideas, and cutting-edge diagrams.
4 (iv) Matrix Tool: This allows grids that show the connection and attributes of the elements to be developed and edited.
5 (v) Annotation tools: This facilitates the creation of sophisticated HTML annotations, with links to other sites and other knowledge templates automatically generated in the CFPACK.
6 (vi) Tool publisher: This allows the creation from a knowledge base of a website or some other information resource using a model-driven approach to optimize re-usability. MOKA, CommonKADS, and the 47-step protocol provide approaches to run a project from beginning to completion, as well as maintaining best practice.
1.5 What are KBSs?
A knowledge-based framework is a system that utilizes AI tools in problem-solving systems to assist human decision-making, understanding, and intervention.
There are two core components of the KBSs:
• Information base (consists of a collection of details and a set of laws, structures, or procedures).
• Inference engine (Responsible for the extension of the information base to the issue at hand).
In contrast to human expertise, there are pros and cons to utilizing KBSs.
1.5.1 What is KBE?
It starts with a discussion about what KBE is in this book and begins with a simple definition: Knowledge-based Engineering (KBE) uses the knowledge of product and operation, which was collected and retained in specific software applications, to enable its direct usage and reuse in the development of new products and variants. KBE’s implementation consists of applying a specific class of computing tools, called the KBE systems, which enable engineers to acquire and reuse engineering knowledge using methods and methodologies. The name of the KBE architecture is derived from the mixture of KBS and engineering, which are one of the major outcomes of AI. In the 1970s, KBE systems demonstrate the advancement of the KBS by applying the special engineering industry requirements. KBE systems combine KBS rule-based logic technologies with engineering data analysis and geometry like CAD.
For these reasons, a traditional KBE architecture provides the user with a programming language that is generally object-oriented and one (something more) embedded or closely connected CAD engine. The vocabulary of programming enables the user to capture and reuse rules and procedures in engineering, while the object-oriented approach of design corresponds well with how engineers see the world: systems abstract assets of objects, defined by parameters and behaviors, linked by relationships. Access and management by the programming language of the CAD engine meet the geometry handling requirements characteristic of the engineering architecture. The MIT AI laboratories and the Computer Vision CAD Group developed the first commercially available KBE system named ICAD1984 (now PTC). Fortunately, this asks the first inquiry you will hear in Figure 1.3 about KBE.
It will be useful at this stage to quickly clarify what we refer to as information and how we use this term to describe concepts other than data and evidence. Both terms are sometimes misused in the traditional spoken language; truth and knowledge are often interchangeably used. The hierarchy of data and intellect (and knowledge) is the subject of long-term disputes between epistemologists and IT experts. Since this subject goes well beyond the scope of this chapter, this is our definition of data. Data are objects that have no meaning before they are put in form like symbols, statistics, digits, and indications. The information consists of important processed data. The context in which the data are collected gives it meaning, importance, and intent. Human and electronic information can be collected, shared, and processed. The knowledge is encrypted by code, normally organized in a structure or size, and stored in hard or soft media to accomplish this. Awareness is the condition of information and awareness processing, which requires the chance to act.
New information may be produced as a result of the application of knowledge. The IGES file with a geometrical definition of the surface as a piece of information is an example of this. IGES files will be encoded with numbers and symbols (i.e., data) and will only provide knowledge useful if they understand the meaning (i.e., the fact they are the data of an IGES file). The information which can be collected with a KBE method is regarded as a simple example of the algorithm that reads such an IGES file, reconstructs a specified surface model, intersects it with a floor plane, and, if the crossroad is non-zero, calculates the length of the corresponding curve. It is also sensible to ask why geometry varies from the standard CAD paradigm and enables the creation and manipulation of geometry. Owing to the varying scopes of these systems, the differences are important. Digitized drawing systems, which allow programmers to catch their ideas have been designed to create CAD systems. They build and store the results using the CAD framework’s geometry simulation functions. A set of points, lines, planes, and solids with reference and note are an almost all-inclusive link to the structure. These data provide enough information for the creation of a system that can be used to build a specification by production engineers. In