Table of Contents
1 Cover
6 Preface to the First Edition
7 Preface to the Second Edition
8 Preface to the Third Edition
9 Preface to the Fourth Edition
10 About the Companion Website
11 1 General Principles Related to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Impacted Teeth Dental age Assessing dental age in the clinical setting – the Jerusalem method When is a tooth considered to be impacted? Impacted teeth and local space loss Whose problem? The timing of the surgical intervention Patient motivation and the orthodontic option References
12 2 The Logistics of Orthodontic Treatment for Impacted Teeth The anchor unit Attachments Intermediaries/connectors Elastic ties and modules versus auxiliary springs Temporary anchorage devices Magnets References
13 3 Biomechanics for Aligning Ectopic Teeth Basic principles Statically determinate and statically indeterminate systems Consistent and inconsistent systems Appliances Useful adjuncts Appendix: Colour code convention for moments and forces References
14 4 Diagnostic Imaging for Impacted Teeth Planar radiography Computerized tomography Cone beam computerized tomography References
15 5 Surgical Exposure of Impacted Teeth A brief history of surgery in relation to the treatment of impacted teeth Aims of surgery for impacted teeth Surgical intervention without orthodontic treatment The surgical elimination of pathology The principles of the surgical exposure of impacted teeth Partial and full‐flap closure on the palatal side A conservative attitude to the dental follicle Pathological pressure necrosis Quality‐of‐life issues following surgical exposure Cooperation between surgeon and orthodontist The team approach to attachment bonding References
16 6 Impacted Maxillary Central Incisors Aetiology Attitudes to treatment of obstructed central incisors Phase 1 treatment considerations Traumatic causes References
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7 Palatally Impacted Canines
Prevalence
Aetiology: Local causes of palatal displacement
Normal development of the maxillary anterior teeth
The guidance theory of impaction
The genetic theory of impaction
Complications of the untreated impacted canine
Diagnosis
Treatment