Power Flow Control Solutions for a Modern Grid Using SMART Power Flow Controllers. Kalyan K. Sen

Relating the Sen Transformer with the PSS^®E Model C.4 Chilean Case Study C.5 Limitations – PSS^®E Two‐Transformer Model C.6 Conclusion

      21  References Further Reading

      22  Index

      23  Books in the IEEE Press Series on Power and Engineering

      24  End User License Agreement

      List of Tables

      1 Chapter 1Table 1‐1 Economic Analysis of ST versus UPFC over a 45‐year time period.Table 1‐2 Various features of all Shunt–Shunt and Shunt–Series configuration...Table 1‐3 Various compensators for utility applications.Table 1‐4 Features, advantages, and benefits of various solutions.

      2 Chapter 2Table 2‐1 Electrical system data.Table 2‐2 Equations for natural active and reactive power flows (P_sn and Q_snTable 2‐3 Equations for active and reactive power flows (P_s′ and Q_s′...Table 2‐4 Equations relating the active and reactive power flows (P_s′ ...Table 2‐5 Equations for magnitude (V_s′) and modified power angle (δ...Table 2‐6 Equations for magnitude (V_s′), modified power angle (δ′...Table 2‐7 Equations for magnitude (V_s′s) and relative phase angle (β...Table 2‐8 Line current for a VR and a PAR (asym).Table 2‐9 Relationships between active and reactive power flows (P_s and Q_s) ...Table 2‐10 Equations for active and reactive power flows (P_s and Q_s), (P_r an...Table 2‐11 Equations for magnitude (V_s′s) and relative phase angle (β...Table 2‐12 Equations forP_s, P_r, P_s′, and P_se when a VR is used.Table 2‐13 Equations relating (P_s and Q_s), (P_r and Q_r), (P_s′ and Q_s′...Table 2‐14 Equations forP_s, P_r, P_s′, and P_se when a PAR (asym) is used...Table 2‐15 Equations relating (P_s and Q_s), (P_r and Q_r), (P_s′ and Q_s′...Table 2‐16 Equations for active and reactive power flows (P_s′ and Q_s′...Table 2‐17 Equations relating the active and reactive power flows (P_s′Table 2‐18 Selected operating points of an IR and the corresponding series‐c...Table 2‐19 Selected operating points of a VR and the corresponding series‐co...Table 2‐20 Selected operating points of a PAR (asym) and the corresponding s...Table 2‐21 Selected operating points of a PAR (sym) and the corresponding se...Table 2‐22 Selected operating points of a RR and the corresponding series‐co...Table 2‐23 Series‐compensating resistance (R_se) and reactance (X_se) for an I...Table 2‐24 Series‐compensating impedance (Z_se) for an IR, a VR, a PAR (asym)...Table 2‐25 Electrical system data and base power flow data.Table 2‐26RPI, LI, and APR of a PAR (sym) for power flow increases in three case...Table 2‐27RPI, LI, and APR of a PAR (asym) for power flow increases in three cas...Table 2‐28RPI, LI, and APR of a RR for power flow increases in three cases: Case...Table 2‐29RPI, LI, and APR of an IR for power flow increases in three cases: Cas...Table 2‐30 Comparison ofAPR of a PAR (sym), a PAR (asym), a RR, and an IR fo...Table 2‐31 Comparison ofRPI, LI, and APR of a PAR (sym), a PAR (asym), a RR,...Table 2‐32 Comparison ofRPI, LI, and APR per unit of active power (P_r) trans...Table 2‐33 Figure of merits of shunt compensation with a power angle of

.Table 2‐34 Figure of merits of shunt compensation with a power angle of

.Table 2‐35 Figure of merits of shunt compensation with a power angle of

.Table 2‐36 Figure of merits of series compensation with a power angle of

.Table 2‐37 Figure of merits of series compensation with a power angle of

.Table 2‐38 Figure of merits of series compensation with a power angle of

.Table 2‐39 Control parameters and their effects onV_s′s, β, V_s′...Table 2‐40 Comparison ofRPI, LI, and APR per unit of active power (P_r) trans...Table 2‐41 Comparison ofSI of a PAR (sym), a PAR (asym), a RR, and an IR for...

      3 Chapter 3Table 3‐1 Electrical system data.Table 3‐2 Electrical system data.Table 3‐3 Electrical system data.Table 3‐4 Sending‐end voltage, power flows at the receiving end, and the exc...Table 3‐5 Effects of the variation of series‐compensating voltage on the pow...

      4 Chapter 4Table 4‐1 Electrical system data.Table 4-2 Effects of the variation of series‐compensating voltage (V_{s′ s}...Table 4‐3 Effects of the variation of series‐compensating voltage (V_s′s...Table 4‐4 Electrical system data.Table 4‐5 Electrical system data.Table 4‐6 Effects of the variation of series‐compensating voltage (V_s′s...Table 4‐7 Electrical system data.Table 4‐8 Effects of the variation of shunt‐compensating voltage (V_s′)...Table 4‐9 Electrical system data.Table 4‐10 Effects of the variation of series‐compensating voltage (V_s′s...Table 4‐11 Electrical system data.Table 4‐12 Effects of the variation of series‐compensating voltage (V_s′s...Table 4‐13 Electrical system data.Table 4‐14 Effects of the variation of series‐compensating voltage (V_s′s...

      5 Chapter 5Table 5‐1 Electrical system data.Table 5‐2 Electrical system data.Table 5‐3 Electrical system data.Table 5‐4 Electrical system data.Table 5‐5 Electrical system data.Table 5‐6 Electrical system data.

      6 Chapter 6Table 2‐1 Electrical system data.Table 6‐1 Active turns‐ratios of the secondary, series‐compensating windings in t...Table 6‐2 Active turns‐ratios of the secondary, series‐compensating windings in t...Table 6‐3 Active turns‐ratios of the secondary, series‐compensating windings in t...Table 6‐4 Compensating voltage, modified sending‐end voltage, power flows at the ...Table 3‐2 Electrical system data.Table 6‐5 Compensating voltage, modified sending‐end voltage, power flows at the ...Table 6‐6 Electrical system data.Table 6‐7 Compensating voltage, modified sending‐end voltage, power flows at the ...Table 6‐8 Electrical system data.Table 6‐9 Compensating voltage, modified sending‐end voltage, power flows at the ...Table 6‐10 Electrical system data.Table 6‐11 Compensating voltage, modified sending‐end voltage,