A Companion to the Achaemenid Persian Empire, 2 Volume Set. Группа авторов. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

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to the central Zagros area.

      It should be pointed out that, in all honesty, these arguments are likewise more probabilities than conclusive proof. There is room for interpretation, in any case: one may or may not agree on the applicability of the “secondary state formation” model and its implications for the Zagros region. Likewise, one may find the terminology of the Nabonidus inscriptions too vague or too obviously following Neo‐Babylonian preconceptions of Medes as “barbarians” to be helpful, or even doubt the historical value of biblical texts in general. The synonymity of “Medes” and “Persians” for Greeks could be explained in a different way: the relationship between Persians and Medes could still be conceived as one between vassals and overlords, and, finally, the new interpretation of Nabonidus Chronicle ii 16 could be challenged.

      Still, taken together with negative evidence for a Median “empire,” the evidence presented in favor of a loose confederation of peoples does seem to comprise a sustainable basis for this hypothesis. It must, of course, remain a hypothesis, but one with a relatively coherent and dense line of argumentation that is more plausible than previous explanations.

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      2 Bagg, A. (2020). Die Orts‐ und Gewässernamen der neuassyrischen Zeit, Teil 3: Babylonien, Urarṭu und die östlichen Gebiete. RGTC 7/3. Wiesbaden: Ludwig Reichert.

      3 Bichler, R. (2000). Herodots Welt: Der Aufbau der Historie am Bild der fremden Länder und Völker, ihrer Zivilisation und ihrer Geschichte Antike in der Moderne. Berlin: Akademie Verlag.

      4 Boucharlat, R. (1998). À la recherche d’Ecbatane sur Tepe Hegmataneh. Iranica Antiqua, 33, pp. 173–186.

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      6 Daryaee, T. (ed.) (2012). The Oxford Handbook of Iranian History. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

      7 Degen, J., Rollinger, R. (2020). How Greek the Medes were? Herodotus’ medikos logos, Athens and the transformation of empire from symmachia to arche. In S. Badalkhan, G. P. Basello, and M. De Chiara (eds.), Iranian Studies in Honour of Adriano V. Rossi. Naples: UniorPress, pp. 273–289.

      8 Fuchs, A. (2011). Das Osttigrisgebiet von Agum II. bis zu Darius I. (ca. 1500 bis 500 v. Chr.). In P.A. Miglus, S. Mühl (eds.), Between the Cultures: The Central Tigris Region from the 3rd to the 1st Millennium BC Heidelberger Studien zum Alten Orient 14. Heidelberg: Heidelberger Orientverlag, pp. 29–320.

      9 Fuchs,