14 9 Biosensors for the Detection of Selenium in Environment 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Biosensors and Their Types 9.3 Biosensors for Selenium Detection 9.4 Conclusion References
15 10 Physical and Chemical Methods for Selenium Removal 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Methods Available for Se Removal 10.3 Physical Methods for Se Removal 10.4 Chemical Methods for Se Removal 10.5 Combination of Physical and Chemical Methods 10.6 Conclusion Acknowledgments References
16 11 Chemical Methods for Removal and Treatment of Selenium from Water 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Selenium Removal Methods 11.3 Chemical Treatment 11.4 Adsorption 11.5 Combination of Adsorption and Ion Exchange 11.6 Combination of Adsorption and Reduction 11.7 Precipitation and Reduction 11.8 Bioreactor (Reduction) 11.9 Conclusions Acknowledgment References
17 12 Biological Treatment Advancements for the Remediation of Selenium from Wastewater 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Bacteria‐Mediated Selenium Removal 12.3 Algae‐Mediated Se Removal 12.4 Phytoremediation 12.5 Remediation of Selenium by Fungi 12.6 Conclusion Acknowledgment References
18 13 Nanomaterials for the Remediation of Selenium in Water 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Various Selenium Remediation Techniques 13.3 Selenium Removal Using Adsorption 13.4 Nano Materials for Remediation of Selenium in Water 13.5 Conclusions and Future Trends References
19 14 Harnessing Biogeochemical Principals for Remediation of Selenium‐Contaminated Soils 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Selenium as a Nutrient for Humans and Animals 14.3 Selenium Toxicity to Humans 14.4 Selenium Toxicity in Plants 14.5 Selenium Toxicity in Animals 14.6 Sources of Selenium: Natural and Anthropogenic 14.7 Concentrations of Selenium in Terrestrial, Aquatic, and Atmospheric Environments 14.8 Selenium Chemistry and Movement in the Environment 14.9 Conventional Remediation Techniques 14.10 Nanomaterial‐Based and Innovative Remediation Techniques 14.11 Conclusions References
20 15 Membrane Separation Technologies for Selenium 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Se Resources 15.3 Health Hazards 15.4 Membrane Applications 15.5 Commercial Aspect 15.6 Conclusion References
21
16 Intensifying Approaches for Removal of Selenium
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Selenium
16.3 Selenium and Wastewater
16.4 Process Intensification
16.5 Process Intensification in Wastewater Treatment
16.6