[814] Brandis, "Münzwesen," s. 168, 386.
[815] Hesych. Ἀτταγάθη Ἀθάρη παρὰ τῷ Ξανθῷ. The native name Athar-ath is found on a coin of Bambyke, in Brandis, loc. cit. s. 431.
[816] Joh. Lyd. "De Mag." 3, 64; Plut. "Quæst. Graec." c. 45; "An seni resp." c. 4; Clearch. Sol. Fragm. 6, ed. Müller; Ovid. "Heroid." 83–118; "Fast." 2, 325.
[817] Hupfeld, "Res Lyd." pp. 55, 63, 67.
[818] Joh. Lyd. "De Mens." 4, 46; Lucian. "Dial. Deor." 13, 2.
[819] Compare the Lydian names Sandonis and Sandoces in Herod. 1, 71; 7, 194.
[820] Oppert, "Expéd. en Mesopot." 2, 337.
[821] E. Schrader, "Theol. Studien und Kritiken," 1874, 2, 330.
[822] Herod. 1, 93; Athen. pp. 515, 516.
[823] Strabo, p. 641; Paus. 7, 2, 7.
[824] Herod. 3, 48; 8, 105.
[825] Paus. 1, 21; Kiepert, "Monatsberichte d. Berl. Akademie," 1866, s. 298.
[826] Steph. Byz. s. v.
[827] Lassen, "Z. d. d. M. G." 10, 382 ff; cf. G. Curtius, "Grundzüge."
[828] Herod. 5, 102.
[829] Herodotus (1, 7) says twenty-two generations. But as these, according to the length which he assumes for a generation, would give a much longer interval than 505 years, he can only mean twenty-two sovereigns. That lists of kings existed in Lydia is proved by the considerable number of names of Atyadæ given in Xanthus.
[830] Cf. H. Stein on the passages of Herodotus quoted; in one class of MSS. Alcæus, Belus, and Ninus are not found. The city of Ninoë has been already mentioned (p. 567).
[831] The year 549 B.C., the year of the capture of Sardis, will be proved below. I believe that we ought to maintain this statement. Herodotus' total of 170 years for the dynasty of Gyges is untenable in the face of the Assyrian monuments. According to them Gyges and Ardys were contemporaries of Assurbanipal, who reigns from 668 to 626 B.C. Hence for the 170 years of Herodotus we must adopt the number given by Eusebius, which is 30 years less, and the separate dates of the latter.
[832] Bœckh, "Metrologie," s. 76.
[833] Herod. 1, 94.
[834] Plut. "De Mus." 6; Steph. Byz. Ἀσιάς.
[835] "Il." 18, 291; 10, 431.
[836] P. 572.
[837] Pausan. 2, 22, 3; 5, 13, 7.
[838] Æsch. "Pers." 52; Herod. 7, 74.
[839] Strabo, p. 604, 605, 612; Pausan. 10, 12, 6.
[840] Strabo, p. 469; Plut. "De Fluviis," c. 13.
[841] Herod. 1, 171; 5, 119.
[842] Thuc. 1, 8; Isoc. "Panath." p. 241. On the Carians in Samos and Chios, see Diod. 5, 84; Strabo, p. 457, 633–637, 661; Paus. 7, 2, 5, 8, 9, 10.
[843] Archiloch. Fragm. 23, ed. Bergk; Euseb. "Chron." 1, 321, ed. Auch.; cf. Bunsen, "Ægypten," 5, 4, 5, s. 427.
[844] Herod. 5, 118, 119; Strabo, p. 660.
[845] "Il." 2, 872.
[846] Alcæus and Anacreon in Strabo, p. 661; Herod. 1, 171.
[847] Brandis, "Münzwesen," s. 338.
[848] "Quæst. Græcæ," c. 45.
[849] Lassen, "Zeit. d. d. M. G.," 10, 381.
[850] Bœckh, "Corp. Inscript." 26, 93.
[851] Ælian, "Hist. Anim." 12, 30.
[852] 1, 173; 7, 92.
[853] Heracl. Pont. Fragm. 15; Nicol. Damasc. Fragm. 129, ed. Müller.
[854] Strabo, p. 664.
[855] Strabo, p. 665.
[856] Herod. 1, 182; Serv. ad Æneid, 4, 143. Pausanias (1, 19, 3) says that the Lyceum at Athens was a sanctuary of Apollo Lyceus; the "Iliad" (5, 171) represents Lycaon as ruling in Lycia.
[857] Lassen, "Z. d. d.