The Popular Religion and Folk-Lore of Northern India (Vol. 1&2). William Crooke

curiosity by a look is turned into stone or ashes.73 Thirdly, it may represent a survival of a custom not uncommon among primitive races, where the marriage capturing is done, not by the bridegroom, but by the bride. Thus, among the Gâros, all proposals of marriage must come from the lady’s side, and any infringement of the custom can only be atoned for by liberal presents of beer given to her relations by the friends of the bridegroom, who pretends to be unwilling and runs away, but is caught and subjected to ablution, and then taken, in spite of the resistance and counterfeited grief and lamentations of the parents, to the bride’s house.74 It may then reasonably be expected that this custom of marriage prevailed among some branches of the Gond tribe, and that as they came more and more under Hindu influence, an unorthodox ritual prevailing in certain clans was explained by annexing the familiar legend of Dûlha Deo.

1 Atkinson, “Himâlayan Gazetteer,” ii. 762.

2 Cunningham, “Archæological Reports,” xvii. 141.

3 Barth, “Religions of India,” 265.

4 Gubernatis, “Zoological Mythology,” ii. 99 sq.

5 See instances collected by Tylor, “Primitive Culture,” i. 376 sqq.

6 “Asiatic Studies,” 13 sq.

7 Buchanan, “Eastern India,” i. 467; Dalton, “Descriptive Ethnology,” 147.

8 Campbell, “Notes,” 260.

9 “Legend of Perseus,” i. 173.

10 “Descriptive Ethnology,” 140.

11 “Journey through Oudh,” ii. 133.

12 Campbell, “Notes,” 260.

13 Buchanan, “Eastern India,” ii. 141 sq.; “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” iv. 9.

14 Dowson, “Classical Dictionary,” s.v.

15 “Gazetteer,” 323.

16 “Papers,” 16.

17 Ibid., 23 sq.

18 Madden, “Journal Asiatic Society Bengal,” 1848, p. 600; Hunt, “Popular Romances,” 73.

19 Buchanan, “Eastern India,” iii. 38.

20 Frazer, “Golden Bough,” ii. 225 sqq.; “Panjâb Notes and Queries,” iii. 181 sq.

21 Knowles, “Folk-tales from Kashmîr,” 10.

22 “Original Inhabitants,” 455.

23 “Central India,” ii. 206.

24 Tod, “Annals,” i. 67; for other examples see Buchanan, “Eastern India,” ii. 131, 352, 478; “Central Provinces Gazetteer,” 110.

25 “Panjâb Ethnography,” 114.

26 Frazer, “Golden Bough,” ii. 83.

27 Tawney, “Katha Sarit Sâgara,” i. 8.

28 “Bombay Gazetteer,” iii. 220; “Râjputâna Gazetteer,” iii. 65.

29 Gomme, “Ethnology in Folk-lore,” 34 sq.

30 Frazer “Golden Bough,” ii. 233.

31 “Bhandâra Settlement Report,” 51.

32 Ganga Datt Upreti, “Folk-lore of Kumaun,” Introduction, vii.

33 Dalton, “Descriptive Ethnology,” 220, 281.

34 “Settlement Report,” 257.

35 Dalton, “Descriptive Ethnology,” 268.

36 Risley, “Tribes and Castes of Bengal,” ii. 58.

37 Temple, “Wideawake Stories,” 399.

38 Ibbetson, “Panjâb Ethnography,” 114; “Oudh Gazetteer,” i. 518.

39 Atkinson, “Himâlayan Gazetteer,” ii. 825.

40 Channing, “Settlement Report,” 34.

41 Maclagan, “Panjâb Census Report,” 103 sq.

42 Führer, “Monumental Antiquities,” 146.

43 Sir W. Scott, “Letters on Demonology,” 143.

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