18 13 The Future 13.1 General Trends 13.2 ESD Withstand Voltage Trends 13.3 ESD Control Programs and Process Control 13.4 Standards 13.5 ESD Control Equipment and Materials 13.6 ESD‐Related Measurements 13.7 System ESD Immunity 13.8 Education and Training References Further Reading
19 A AAppendix A: An Example Draft ESD Control ProgramAppendix A: An Example Draft ESD Control Program A.1 About This Plan A.2 Description of the Example Facility A.3 Test and Qualification Procedures A.4 ESD Control Program Plan at XXX Ltd A.5 Personal Safety A.6 ESD Control Program A.7 ESD Control Program Technical Requirements A.8 Compliance Verification Plan A.9 ESD Training Plan A.10 ESD Control Product Qualification References
20 Index
List of Tables
1 Chapter 1Table 1.1 Examples of use of scientific notation and SI prefixes.Table 1.2 Example of how meanings ofconductive, static dissipative, insulativ...Table 1.3 Example of how meanings ofconductive, dissipative, and insulative c...
2 Chapter 2Table 2.1 An example of a triboelectric series.Table 2.2 Approximate capacitance of typical everyday objects.Table 2.3 The effect of humidity on typical electrostatic voltages (MIL HDBK ...
3 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Typical ESD model simulation component values for common sources.Table 3.2 ESD model component values to achieve specified waveforms in standa...Table 3.3 ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS001‐2017 HBM waveform parameters with 0 Ω calibra...Table 3.4 ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS001‐2017 HBM device classification.Table 3.5 IEC 61000‐4‐2 test levels.Table 3.6 61000‐4‐2 contact discharge waveform parameters.Table 3.7 IEC 60749‐27 MM waveform parameters with 0 and 500 Ω calibration lo...Table 3.8 IEC 60479‐27 MM device classification.Table 3.9 ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS‐002 CDM waveform parameters using small verifica...Table 3.10 ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS‐002 CDM waveform parameters using large verific...Table 3.11 ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS‐002 CDM device classification.Table 3.12 ESD model parameters compared (Gieser and Ruge 1994) assuming a 10...Table 3.13 Range of typical HBM withstand voltages of components.
4 Chapter 4Table 4.1 Some examples of essential insulators and nonessential insulators.Table 4.2 Voltages and distances between plane parallel electrodes giving the...Table 4.3 Some examples of essential insulators and possible ways of dealing ...
5 Chapter 6Table 6.1 IEC TC101 Participating (P) and Observer (O) members in 2017.Table 6.2 Near‐equivalent ESD control program standards in the IEC 61340‐5‐1 ...Table 6.3 Near‐equivalent test method documents in the IEC 61340‐5‐1 and ANSI...Table 6.4 Grounding requirements.Table 6.5 Personal grounding requirements.Table 6.6 Requirements for benches, floors, and seats.Table 6.7 Requirements for ESD control garments.Table 6.8 Requirements for ionizers.Table 6.9 Requirements for soldering and desoldering hand tools (ANSI/ESD S20...Table 6.10 ESD Packaging resistance classifications.Table 6.11 ESD packaging.
6 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Types and characteristics of ESD control garments according to IEC ...Table 7.2 Factors that might be considered in decision to issue ESD control g...
7 Chapter 8Table 8.1 ESD control bags standard classification and properties specified.Table 8.2 Classification of packaging materials electrostatic charging proper...Table 8.3 Classification of packaging materials in IEC 61340‐5‐3:2015 and ANS...Table 8.4 Classification of packaging materials as electrostatic field or ESD...Table 8.5 Applications of static control moisture barrier material classifica...Table 8.6 Static control moisture barrier material requirements of MIL‐PRF‐81...Table 8.7 Static control moisture barrier bags levels defined by ESD S11.4.Table 8.8 Approximate equivalence of ESD packaging test standards in the IEC ...Table 8.9 Electrostatic characteristics of ESD packaging required inside and ...
8 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Costs of repair of ESD damage in a manual process (Helling 1996).Table 9.2 ESD Coordinator duties.Table 9.3 ESD control program plan – topics covered.Table 9.4 Tailoring.Table 9.5 Content of the ESD training plan.Table 9.6 ESD control product qualification plan.Table 9.7 Compliance verification plan.Table 9.8 Grounding and bonding systems.Table 9.9 Personal grounding.Table 9.10 General requirements for EPAs.Table 9.11 Packaging.Table 9.12 Marking for ESD control purposes.
9 Chapter 10Table 10.1 Electrical current physiological effects for AC 60 Hz current.Table 10.2 An example of a document heading structure derived from the headin...Table 10.3 An example of specification of requirements for personal grounding...Table 10.4 An example of EPA equipment pass requirements, test methods and te...
10 Chapter 11Table 11.1 Summary of test methods and their application in 61340‐5‐1, and co...Table 11.2 Other IEC test methods that can be used in ESD protective equipmen...Table 11.3 Test voltages used in resistance measurements required in 61340‐5‐...Table 11.4 Comparison of characteristics of 2.5 kg resistance measurement ele...Table 11.5 Comparison of concentric