Table of Contents
1 Cover
2 Preface
3 Part 1: PRODUCTION 1 Energy Sources and Energy Supply 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Typical Energy Sources 1.3 Other Energy Sources 1.4 Energy Supply 1.5 Energy Independence References 2 Production of Synthesis Gas 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Synthesis Gas Generation 2.3 Feedstocks 2.4 Influence of Feedstock Quality 2.5 Gasification Processes 2.6 Products References 3 Gasifier Types and Gasification Chemistry 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Gasifier Types 3.3 General Chemistry 3.4 Process Options References 4 Gasification of Coal 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Coal Types and Properties 4.3 Gas Products 4.4 Product Quality 4.5 Chemicals Production 4.6 Advantages and Limitations References 5 Gasification of Heavy Feedstocks 5.1 Introduction 5.3 Synthesis Gas Production 5.4 Products 5.5 Advantages and Limitations References 6 Gasification of Biomass 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Gasification Chemistry 6.3 Gasification Processes 6.4 Gas Production and Products 6.5 The Future References 7 Gasification of Waste 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Waste Types 7.3 Feedstock Properties 7.4 Fuel Production 7.5 Process Products 7.6 Advantages and Limitations References 8 Reforming Processes 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Processes Requiring Hydrogen 8.3 Feedstocks 8.4 Process Chemistry 8.5 Commercial Processes 8.6 Catalysts 8.7 Hydrogen Purification 8.8 Hydrogen Management References 9 Gas Conditioning and Cleaning 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Gas Streams 9.3 Synthesis Gas Cleaning 9.4 Water Removal 9.5 Acid Gas Removal 9.6 Removal of Condensable Hydrocarbons 9.7 Tar Removal 9.8 Other Contaminant Removal 9.9 Tail Gas Cleaning References
4 Part 2: FUELS AND CHEMICALS FROM SYNTHESIS GAS 10 The Fischer-Tropsch Process 10.1 Introduction 10.2 History and Development of the Process 10.3 Synthesis Gas 10.4 Production of Synthesis Gas 10.5 Process Parameters 10.6 Reactors and Catalysts 10.7 Products and Product Quality 10.8 Fischer-Tropsch Chemistry References 11 Synthesis Gas in the Refinery 11.1 Introduction