18 15 Disinfection 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Rate of Kill – Disinfection Parameters 15.3 Chlorine 15.4 Ozone 15.5 Ultraviolet Light 15.6 Other Disinfecting Compounds 15.7 Disinfection by Ultra Filtration
19 16 Phosphorus and Nitrogen Removal 16.1 General 16.2 BardenPho© Processes 16.3 Chemical Phosphorus Removal 16.4 Nitrogen Removal 16.5 Conclusions
20 17 Carbon Adsorption 17.1 Introduction 17.2 The Freundlich and Langmuir Equations 17.3 Carbon Adsorption Physical Coefficients and Economics 17.4 Other Considerations
21 18 Ion Exchange 18.1 Resins 18.2 Physical Characteristics 18.3 Chemical Structure 18.4 Design Considerations
22 19 Dissolved Air Flotation and Techniques 19.1 Design Basics for DAF 19.2 Operating Parameters 19.3 Theory and Design 19.4 Ranges of Data 19.5 Electroflotation 19.6 Electrocoagulation
23 20 Coagulation, Flocculation and Chemical Treatment 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Sols 20.3 Flocculation and Mixing 20.4 Practice 20.5 Modeling
24 21 Heat Transfer Processes: Boilers, Heat Exchangers and Cooling Towers 21.1 Boilers 21.2 Boiler Classifications 21.3 Boiler Water Quality Requirements 21.4 Cooling Towers
25 22 Evaluating an Existing Wastewater Treatment Plant Design using Modeling Software 22.1 Step 1: Information Gathering 22.2 Step 2: Model Selection 22.3 Step 3: Laboratory and Other Data Organization 22.4 Step 4: Flow Sheet Setup and Model Organization 22.5 Step 5: Model Compilation and Setup 22.6 Step 6: Input and Output File Preparation 22.7 Step 7: Initialization of the Model Parameters and First Runs 22.8 Step 8: Parameter Adjustments
26 Index
List of Tables
1 Chapter 1Table 1.1 Approximate conductivity of various chemicals in water where the subst...Table 1.2 Solubility of oxygen in mg l−1 in water exposed to water‐saturat...Table 1.3 Molar Henry's law constants for aqueous solutions at 25 °C.Table 1.4 Aqueous disassociation constants.Table 1.5 Solubility of common minerals in freshwater.Table 1.6 Some of the most common elements dissolved in seawater.Table 1.7 Principal groundwater contaminants found in petroleum.Table 1.8 Principal analytical methods for contaminants in water.Table 1.9 Solubility rules for simple inorganic compounds in water.Table 1.10 The 65 priority water pollutants according to the US code.Table 1.11 UK list of priority pollutants.Table 1.12 UK water quality sampling table for determining compliance with stand...Table 1.13 EU list of priority water pollutants.Table 1.14 Typical breakout of Federal Register effluent guidelines and standard...Table 1.15 ASME boiler water quality guidelines.Table 1.16 Wastewater characteristics from petroleum refining.Table 1.17 Principal chemicals added to enhance one fracked well in Pennsylvania...
2 Chapter 2Table 2.1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) guidelines for water t...Table 2.2 Common chemicals used in fracking.Table 2.3 Concentration of select metal constituents in unconventional drilling ...Table 2.4 Concentration of radionuclides in selected unconventional oil‐ and gas...Table