1812
Napoleon’s Fatal March on Moscow
ADAM ZAMOYSKI
Harper Perennial
An imprint of HarperCollinsPublishers 1 London Bridge Street London SE1 9GF www.harpercollins.co.uk
This edition published by Harper Perennial 2005
FIRST EDITION
First published by HarperCollinsPublishers 2004
Copyright © Adam Zamoyski 2004
Adam Zamoyski asserts the moral right to be identified as the author of this work
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Ebook Edition © JULY 2012 ISBN 9780007381067
Version: 2019-10-14
Europe in 1811
Russia’s expansion in the west, 1772–1812
The Russian Armies of the West
French and Russian dispositions in June 1812
The French advance
The advance to Vitebsk
The Rudnia offensive and Napoleon’s Smolensk manoeuvre
The battle for Smolensk
Lubino – Valutina Gora
The Russian positions at Borodino
Borodino. The morning attacks
Borodino. The final assault
Kutuzov’s retreat from Moscow
Maloyaroslavets
The retreat
The view from Smolensk
Krasny, 15–16 November
Krasny, 16 November
Krasny, 17–19 November
The closing trap, 21 November
The Berezina manoeuvre
The Berezina crossing
The strategic situation at the beginning of December
Statistical chart showing the outward march and retreat of all the forces which crossed the Niemen
Contents
Select Glossary of Place-Names in the Former Polish Lands of the Russian Empire