Explore It. Australia. Д. С. Ведунова

has hardly more than two people per square kilometer of its total area. At the same time, dividing the population of Australia (24,512,108 people) by its area (about 7.7 million square kilometers), we get a different number: 3.18 people per square kilometer. With 89% of its population living in urban areas, Australia is one of the most urbanized countries in the world. Average life expectancy in Australia for 2005—2010 is 81.2 years, which is one of the highest in the world.

      The earliest, reliably known, information about the arrival of indigenous Australians on the continent of Australia dates back about 40,000 years ago. Most likely, the settlers came from the islands of Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.

      The first inhabitants of Australia were originally hunter-gatherers who, over many generations to come, spread widely across the continent and the surrounding islands. Despite the fact that their technical skills remained rather primitive, based on the use of wood, bone, stone tools and weapons, their spiritual and social life was very complex. Most spoke several languages, and confederations sometimes formed among highly distant tribal groups. The density of the indigenous population ranged from one person per square mile along the coast to one person per 35 square miles (91 km²) in arid inland regions. Procurement of food, usually for a small family, required about 3 working days a week. Even in the more fertile southeast, they lacked agriculture.