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Автор: Alexander Orwin
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      Redefining the Muslim Community

      Redefining the Muslim Community

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      Ethnicity, Religion, and Politics in the Thought of Alfarabi

      Alexander Orwin

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      UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA PRESS

      PHILADELPHIA

      Copyright © 2017 University of Pennsylvania Press

      All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations used for purposes of review or scholarly citation, none of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means without written permission from the publisher.

      Published by

      University of Pennsylvania Press

      Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4112

       www.upenn.edu/pennpress

      Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper

      1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      ISBN 978-0-8122-4904-0

      Contents

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       A Note on Citations and Abbreviations

       Introduction. Alfarabi and the Question of the Umma (Nation)

       Chapter 1. The Nation in Plato and Aristotle: An Obstacle to Virtuous Rule

       Chapter 2. From Speechlessness to Civilization: The Evolution of the Umma

       Chapter 3. Philosophy and the Umma: An Uneasy Coexistence

       Chapter 4. Another Kind of Umma: The Origin of the Islamic Umma

       Chapter 5. The Mission of the Virtuous Umma: Ethnic Accommodation Within Islam

       Chapter 6. Between City and Empire: The Political Significance of the Umma

       Chapter 7. The Umma Among the Ignorant Associations: Nationalism and the Threat of War

       Conclusion. The Intermediate Association

       Notes

       Works Cited

       Index of Proper Names

       Index of Subjects

       Acknowledgments

      A Note on Citations and Abbreviations

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      I have cited every work in both Arabic and, if available, English, or in one case French. In some cases, a dual English-Arabic edition or conscious decision by the translator to follow the numbers of the original Arabic means that the same citation applies to both languages. When this is not the case, I have cited the English followed by the Arabic, with the latter marked “Ar.” I decided not to cite Alfarabi’s works according to the accidental date of the publication of an edition, since that would not help the reader immediately identify the work. Instead, I have included abbreviated titles of the works, as follows.

AH Attainment of Happiness
BD Book of Demonstration
BDi Book of Dialectic
BL Book of Letters
BM Great Book of Music
BO Book of One and Unity
BR Book of Religion
BRh Book of Rhetoric
CA Commentary and Short Treatise on Aristotle’s “De interpretatione”
DA Didascalia in Rethoricam Aristotelis ex glosa Alpharabi
EH Epistle Indicating the Way to Happiness
EI Epistle on the Intellect
EP Epistle on the Canons of Poetry
ES Enumeration of the Sciences
FL Alfarabi on Logic
HS Harmonization of the Two Opinions of the Divine Sages
PA Philosophy of Aristotle
PP Philosophy of Plato
SA Selected Aphorisms
SL Summary of Plato’s “Laws”
SP Short Commentary on the “Poetics”
SS Short Book on the Syllogism
VC Opinions of the Inhabitants of the Virtuous City

      Redefining the Muslim Community

      Introduction. Alfarabi and the Question of the Umma (Nation)

      The overarching theme of this book is Alfarabi’s