Write the antonym of each adjective:
| 1. | samui _____________________ |
| 2. | tsumetai _____________________ |
| 3. | furui _____________________ |
| 4. | hayai _____________________ |
| 5. | chiisai _____________________ |
| 6. | ii _____________________ |
| 7. | yasui _____________________ |
| 8. | tooi _____________________ |
| 9. | atsui _____________________ |
| 10. | osoi _____________________ |
| 11. | yasashii _____________________ |
| 12. | mazui _____________________ |
| 13. | takai _____________________ |
| 14. | ookii _____________________ |
| 15. | atarashii _____________________ |
| 16. | warui _____________________ |
| 17. | chikai _____________________ |
| 18. | muzukashii _____________________ |
| 19. | oishii _____________________ |
| 20. | amai _____________________ |
What would be an appropriate adjective to describe the following?
| 1. | a two-karat diamond ______________________ |
| 2. | a school 50 miles from your house ______________________ |
| 3. | an office worker with no time for lunch ______________________ |
| 4. | a calculus problem ______________________ |
| 5. | a meal at the best restaurant ______________________ |
| 6. | a perfect grade on an exam ______________________ |
| 7. | a day at an amusement park ______________________ |
| 8. | an elephant ______________________ |
| 9. | a month-old loaf of bread ______________________ |
| 10. | a jalapeno pepper ______________________ |
| 11. | a train that travels 75 mph ______________________ |
| 12. | a mouse ______________________ |
2. Adjectives Modifying Nouns
In Japanese, as in English, an adjective often modifies or describes a noun. Like English, when an adjective modifies a noun, it precedes the noun directly, without an intervening particle.
Example: omoshiroi hon = an interesting book
Describe the word kuruma (car) with the adjective indicated.
| 1. | ________kuruma |
| old | |
| 2. | ________kuruma |
| expensive | |
| 3. | ________kuruma |
| big |
Try expressing the following phrases. Look up the nouns you don’t know in the glossary:
| 1. | an inexpensive car =_________________________________________ |
| 2. | a new TV =_________________________________________ |
| 3. | an interesting movie =_________________________________________ |
| 4. | hot coffee =_________________________________________ |
| 5. | a cold drink =_________________________________________ |
| 6. | a warm day =_________________________________________ |
| 7. | fresh vegetables =_________________________________________ |
| 8. | an old radio =_________________________________________ |
| 9. | a busy day =_________________________________________ |
| 10. | a cold person =_________________________________________ |
| 11. | a large dog =_________________________________________ |
| 12. | a small cat =_________________________________________ |
| 13. | a faraway place =_________________________________________ |
| 14. | an expensive sweater =_________________________________________ |
| 15. | a good book =_________________________________________ |
By adding desu or one of its forms after the noun you can make a simple sentence. The forms of desu are:
| desu (present) | ja arimasen (present negative) | ||
| deshita (past) | ja arimasen deshita (past negative) | ||
| Example: | Ii hon desu ka? | = | Is it a good book? |
| Ii hon ja arimasen deshita. | = | It wasn’t a good book. |
Try these in Japanese:
| 1. | It was an interesting movie._________________________________________ |
| 2. | It isn’t delicious sushi._________________________________________ |
| 3. | It was hot coffee._________________________________________ |
| 4. | Is it a good book?_________________________________________ |
| 5. | It wasn’t a new TV._________________________________________ |
| 6. | It was a good school._________________________________________ |
| 7. | It’s a restaurant that is nearby._________________________________________ |
| 8. | It wasn’t a big cat._________________________________________ |
| 9. | It isn’t a small dog._________________________________________ |
| 10. | It was a difficult problem._________________________________________ |
| 11. | It’s not a large post office._________________________________________ |
| 12. | It’s not an expensive department store._________________________________________ |
3. When Adjectives are Used in the Predicate
The adjectives listed in the beginning of this workbook are in what is known as their dictionary form. Adjectives in their dictionary form are complete sentences. The addition of desu to the end of an adjective will make the sentence more polite. However, it will not change the meaning of the sentence, and it will not make the sentence more grammatically correct.
The following sentences are in what could be called the non-past tense. This means that the tense Of the sentence can be either present or future but not the past. Therefore:
Rajio