Quest Biographies Bundle — Books 11–15. Gary Evans

have promised to oppose conscription; King adopts the motto “Conscription if necessary, but not necessarily conscription.”Canadian infantry and a tank brigade take part in the invasion of Sicily in July; Canadian forces attack Ortona, Italy in December.General McNaughton resigns from the Canadian army.19441944King invites Louis St. Laurent to become minister of justice and attorney general; although he is from Quebec, St. Laurent agrees to support King in whatever measures he thinks are necessary to win the war.Allied forces land on the Normandy beaches of France in the D-Day invasion on June 6; the Canadian army loses 5,000 men in the Battle of Normandy.Ralston resigns; retired General McNaughton, a favourite of King’s, replaces him as minister of defence; King announces that conscription is now necessary; thousands of Zombies are sent overseas.President Roosevelt of the U.S. dies and Harry S. Truman succeeds him.19451945Family Allowance legislation having been passed by the King government in the previous year, families with children sixteen years old and under begin to receive the “baby bonus” on July 1.In May, Canadians liberate western Holland; Germany’s surrender ends the war in Europe; in September Japan surrenders after atomic bomb attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.In San Francisco to work on the draft charter of the United Nations (UN), King hears from his valet that the war is over.In Britain, family allowances are introduced; Lady Byng publishes Up the Stream of Time, which includes a moving tribute to Canada.In the general election, the Liberals win a strong majority; King now represents the riding of Glengarry, Ontario.Soviet intelligence officer Igor Gouzenko defects and reveals a widespread espionage network operating in Ottawa.1946Winston Churchill, no longer prime minister of Britain, gives a speech in the U.S. in which he uses the term “Iron Curtain” to describe the developing Cold War.19471947The Canadian Citizenship Act, which defines the country’s people as Canadian instead of British subjects, comes into force on January 1; King receives certificate 001.India is proclaimed independent and is divided into India and Pakistan.King goes to England for the wedding of Princess Elizabeth; he meets spiritualist Geraldine Cummins.19481948On a visit to London, England, a frail King visits his old friend, Violet Markham; when King falls ill, distinguished statesmen visit him at his hotel: King George VI, three prime ministers – Nehru of India, Fraser of New Zealand, and Liaquat Ali Khan of Pakistan – Nehru’s sister Madame Pandit of India, and Eric Louw of South Africa. Spiritualist friends whom he has met through Lady Aberdeen also call on King at his hotel.General McNaughton becomes Canada’s permanent delegate to the UN.In April, King becomes the longest-serving elected statesman in the English-speaking world; in July, Joan Patteson informs Violet Markham (Mrs. James Carruthers) of King’s weakened condition; on November 15 he retires as leader of the Liberal Party.The Liberal Party of Canada chooses Louis St. Laurent as its new leader in August.1949Canada is one of the founders of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).Senator Cairine Wilson is Canada’s first woman delegate to the UN.19501950King dies on July 22 at Kingsmere.The Korean War begins in June; Canada will send men to support the UN initiative.

      Selected Sources

      Primary Sources

      BYNG, Viscountess Evelyn. Up the Stream of Time. Toronto: Macmillan, 1945.

      BYNG, Baron. Correspondence with William Lyon Mackenzie King, June, 1926. www.nlc-bnc.ca

      CANTACUZÉNE, Princess Countess Spéransky née Grant. My Life Here and There. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1921.

      CUMMINS, Geraldine. Mind in Life and Death. London: Aquarian Press, 1956.

      House of Commons Debates. Vol. 1, 1923. Vol. IV - V, 1926. Vol. 2, 1930. Ottawa: F. Acland. Vol. VI, 1944. Ottawa: Edmond Clouthier.

      KING, William Lyon Mackenzie. Diaries. National Archives.

      KING, William Lyon Mackenzie. Industry and Humanity: A Study in the Principles Underlying Industrial Reconstruction. Toronto: Macmillan, 1935 edition.

      KING, William Lyon Mackenzie. “Biographical Sketch and Letter to E.H. Wells, Editor of The Bulletin, Harvard University,” Ottawa, January 3, 1908.

      KING, William Lyon Mackenzie. The Message of the Carillon and Other Addresses. Toronto: Macmillan, 1927.

      MARKHAM, Violet. Friendship’s Harvest. London: Max Reinhardt, 1956.

      POWER, Charles G. A Party Politician: The Memoirs of Chubby Power. Ed. Norman Ward. Toronto: Macmillan, 1966.

      Newspapers and Magazines The Hamilton Spectator The Kitchener Daily Record Maclean’s The Ottawa Journal The Toronto Star The Vancouver Daily Province

      Secondary Sources

       Articles and Unpublished Sources

      Clipping Files, William Lyon Mackenzie King, Woodside National Historic Site. Grace Schmidt Room, Kitchener Public Library.

      MANCHEE, Ellen et al. Interview with Dr. James Gibson, Laurier National Historic Site of Canada, Ottawa, Canada, March 16, 2,000, transcripts and videotapes. Parks Canada, Ontario Service Centre.

      MARTIN, Ged. “Mackenzie King, the Medium and the Messages,” British Journal of Canadian Studies, Vol. 4, 1, 1989, p. 109-135.

      PENNEFATHER, R.S. “New Light on John King – a note.” Kitchener Public Library.

      VYE, Kathy. “King at Laurier House: 1923-1950.” Unpublished Study: Canadian Parks Service, Ontario Region Office, 1992.

      Books

      BERTRAND, Luc. L’énigmatique Mackenzie King. Montreal: Les Éditions L’Interligne, 2000.

      BOWERING, George. Egotists and Autocrats: the Prime Ministers of Canada. Toronto: Penguin, 1999.

      COOK, Ramsay. The Regenerators: Social Criticism in Late Victorian English Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1987 edition.

      DAWSON, R. MacGregor. William Lyon Mackenzie King: A Political Biography. Vol. 1: 1874-1923. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1958.

      ESBEREY, Joy. Knight of the Holy Spirit: A study of William Lyon Mackenzie King. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980.

      FERNS, Henry and Bernard Ostry. The Age of Mackenzie King. Toronto: James Lorimer, 1976.

      FRENCH, Doris. Ishbel and the Empire: A Biography of Lady Aberdeen. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 1988.

      GRANATSTEIN, J.L. W.L. Mackenzie King. Don Mills: Fitzhenry and Whiteside, 1976.

      GRAY, Charlotte. Mrs King: The Life and Times of Isabel Mackenzie King. Toronto: Penguin Books, 1997.

      HENDERSON, George. W.L. Mackenzie King: A Bibliography and Research Guide. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998.

      HUTCHINSON, Bruce. The Incredible Canadian: A candid portrait of Mackenzie King: his works, his times and his nation. Toronto: Longmans, Green and Company, 1953.

      McKENTY, Neil. Mitch Hepburn. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1967.

      MOORE, Laurence. In Search of White Crows: Spiritualism, Parapsychology, and American Culture. New York: Oxford Press, 1977.

      NEATBY, Blair H. Mackenzie King: The Prism of Unity, 1932-29. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1976.

      NEATBY, Blair H. William Lyon Mackenzie King: The Lonely Heights. Vol. II, 1924-32. Toronto: University