If thou couldst answer, «This fair child» of mine
Shall sum my count, and make my old excuse’,
Proving his beauty by succession thine.
This were to be new made when thou art old,
And see thy blood warm when thou feel’st it соld
Сонет 3
Однозначное указание на пол адресата. Ведь только мужчине может отказать «та, чьё не возделано лоно – For where is she so fair whose uneared womb Disdains the tillage of thy husbandry?».
Указание на знакомство с матерью адресата – Thou art thy mother’s glass. Её красота как аргумент для адресата. Тон поучения адресату.
Сонет 3. Оригинальный текст
Look in thy glass and tell the face thou viewest,
Now is the time that face should form another,
Whose fresh repair if now thou not renewest,
Thou dost beguile the world, unbless some mother.
For where is she so fair whose uneared womb
Disdains the tillage of thy husbandry?
Or who is he so fond will be the tomb
Of his self-love to stop posterity?
Thou art thy mother’s glass, and she in thee
Calls back the lovely April of her prime;
So thou through windows of thine age shalt see,
Despite of wrinkles, this thy golden time.
But if thou live rememb’red not to be,
Die single, and thine image dies with thee.
Сонет 4
Указание на знакомство Шекспира с кредитованием и ростовщичеством – Profitless usurer. Тон поучения адресату.
Сонет 4. Оригинальный текст
Unthrifty loveliness, why dost thou spend
Upon thyself thy beauty’s legacy?
Nature’s bequest gives nothing, but doth lend,
And being frank she lends to those are free:
Then, beauteous niggard, why dost thou abuse
The bounteous largess given thee to give?
Profitless usurer, why dost thou use
So great a sum of sums, yet canst not live?
For having traffic with thyself alone,
Thou of thyself thy sweet self dost deceive:
Then how, when Nature calls thee to be gone,
What acceptable audit canst thou leave?
Thy unused beauty must be tombed with thee,
Which used lives th’executor to be.
Сонет 5
Рассуждение о сохранении «соков лета – summer’s distillation» находится в русле той же темы. Теперь акцент сделан на необходимости не упустить время для сохранения красоты и памяти жизни – Beauty’s effect with beauty were bereft, Nor it nor no remembrance what it was».
Но обращения к адресату нет. Это ничего не меняет для адресности сонета, ведь в этом нет противоречия.
Сонет 5. Оригинальный текст
Those hours that with gentle work did frame
The lovely gaze where every eye doth dwell
Will play the tyrants to the very same,
And that unfair which fairly doth excel;
For never-resting time leads summer on
To hideous winter and confounds him there,
Sap checked with frost and lusty leaves quite gone,
Beauty o’ersnowed and bareness every where:
Then were not summer’s distillation left
A liquid prisoner pent in walls of glass,
Beauty’s effect with beauty were bereft,
Nor it nor no remembrance what it was.
But flowers distilled, though they with winter meet,
Leese but their show; their substance still lives sweet
Сонет 6
Однозначное указание на пол адресата – совет поместить в рост его «соки лета», что согласуется с сонетом 3. Тон поучения и обвинения, в т. ч. недопустимое для более высокого статуса применение обращения к адресату «глупец», «самодур» – «self-willed». Это также указывает наряду с предыдущими сонетами на равный или более низкий статус адресата.
Сонет 6. Оригинальный текст
Then let not winter’s ragged hand deface
In thee thy summer ere thou be distilled:
Make sweet some vial; treasure thou some place
With beauty’s treasure ere it be self-killed:
That use is not forbidden usury
Which happies those that pay the willing loan;
That’s for thyself to breed another thee,
Or ten times happier be it ten for one;
Ten times thyself were happier than thou art,
If ten of thine ten times refigured thee:
Then what could death do if thou shouldst depart,
Leaving thee living in posterity?
Be not self-willed, for thou art much too fair
To be death’s conquest and make worms thine heir
Сонет 7
Указание на возраст адресата в замке сонета – «ты, проходящий свой полдень – So thou, thyself outgoing in thy noon» – может быть истолковано