35
A. Baddeley, Working Memory (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986).
36
A. Gazzaley and A. C. Nobre, “Top-Down Modulation: Bridging Selective Attention and Working Memory,” Trends in Cognitive Sciences 16, no. 2 (2012): 129–135.
37
D. Premack, “Human and Animal Cognition: Continuity and Discontinuity,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104, no. 35 (2007): 13861–13867.
38
A. Gazzaley and M. D’Esposito, “Unifying Prefrontal Cortex Function: Executive Control, Neural Networks, and Top-Down Modulation,” in The Human Frontal Lobes, ed. B. Miller and J. Cummings (New York: Guilford, 2007).
39
G. Fritsch and E. Hitzig, “Uber die elektrische Erregbarkeit des Grosshiirns,” Archiv der Anatomie, Physiologie und Wissenschaftlichen Medizin 37 (1870): 300–332.
40
B. J. Baars and N. M. Gage, Cognition, Brain, and Consciousness: Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience (New York: Academic Press, 2010).
41
A. M. Glenberg, J. L. Schroeder, and D. A. Robertson, “Averting the Gaze Disengages the Environment and Facilitates Remembering,” Memory and Cognition 26 (1998): 651–658.
42
P. E. Wais, M. T. Rubens, J. Boccanfuso, and A. Gazzaley, “Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Impact of Visual Distraction on Retrieval of Long-Term Memory,” Journal of Neuroscience 30, no. 25 (2010): 8541–8550.
43
H. J. Bigelow, “Dr. Harlow’s Case of Recovery from the Passage of an Iron Bar through the Head,” American Journal of the Medical Sciences 16, no. 39 (1850): 13–22. See also the Phineas Gage Information Page at http://www.uakron.edu/gage.
44
H. Damasio, T. Grabowski, R. Frank, A. M. Galaburda, and A. R. Damasio, “The Return of Phineas Gage: Clues about the Brain from the Skull of a Famous Patient,” Science 264, no. 5162 (1994): 1102–1105.
45
Harlow, “Recovery from the Passage of an Iron Bar through the Head”; reprinted as J. M. Harlow, Recovery from the Passage of an Iron Bar through the Head (Boston: David Clapp & Son), 13.
46
G. A. Mashour, E. E. Walker, and R. L. Martuza, “Psychosurgery: Past, Present, and Future,” Brain Research Reviews 48, no. 3 (2005): 409–419.
47
W. Freeman and J. W. Watts, “Physiological Psychology,” Annual Review of Physiology 6, no. 1 (1944): 517–542.
48
W. Freeman and J. W. Watts, “Physiological Psychology”.
49
A. L. Benton, “Differential Behavioral Effects in Frontal Lobe Disease,” Neuropsychologia 6, no. 1 (1968): 53–60; A. R. Luria, Human Brain and Psychological Processes (New York: Harper & Row, 1968); B. Milner, “Effects of Different Brain Regions on Card Sorting,” Archives of Neurology 9 (1963): 90–100.
50
P. T. Schoenemann, M. J. Sheehan, and L. D. Glotzer, “Prefrontal White Matter Volume Is Disproportionately Larger in Humans Than in Other Primates,” Nature Neuroscience 8, no. 2 (2005): 242–252.
51
A. Gazzaley and M. D’Esposito, “Neural Networks: An Empirical Neuroscience Approach toward Understanding Cognition,” Cortex 42, no. 7 (2006): 1037–1040.
52
J. van Whye, “The History of Phrenology on the Web” (2004), http://www.historyofphrenology.org.uk/.
53
E. A. Berker, A. H. Berker, and A. Smith, “Translation of Broca’s 1865 Report: Localization of Speech in the Third Left Frontal Convolution,” Archives of Neurology 43, no. 10 (1986): 1065–1072.
54
R. M. Sabbatini, “Phrenology: The History of Brain Localization,” Brain and Mind 1 (1997), http://www.cerebromente.org.br/n01/frenolog/frenologia.htm.
55
B. Tizard, “Theories of Brain Localization from Flourens to Lashley,” Medical History 3 (1959): 132–145.
56
J. M. Fuster, Cortex and Mind: Unifying Cognition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).
57
M. Mesulam, “A Cortical Network for Directed Attention and Unilateral Neglect,” Annals of Neurology 10, no. 4 (1981): 309–325.
58
Gazzaley and D’Esposito, “Unifying Prefrontal Cortex Function.”
59
A. Gazzaley, J. W. Cooney, K. McEvoy, R. T. Knight, and M. D’Esposito, “Top-Down Enhancement and Suppression of the Magnitude and Speed of Neural Activity,” Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 17, no. 3 (2005): 507–517.
60
E. K. Miller and J. D. Cohen, “An Integrative Theory of Prefrontal Cortex Function,” Annual Review of Neuroscience 24, no. 1 (2001): 167–202.
61
Левое полушарие мозга отображает правостороннее видение мира, поэтому зрительная кора правого полушария соответствует левостороннему зрительному полю, куда направлено внимание нашего предка.
62
Gazzaley et al., “Top-Down Enhancement.”
63
J. Z. Chadick, T. P. Zanto, and A. Gazzaley, “Structural and Functional Differences in Medial Prefrontal Cortex Underlie Distractibility and Suppression Deficits in Ageing,” Nature Communications 5 (2014): 4223.
64
J. Rissman, A. Gazzaley, and M. D’Esposito, “Measuring Functional Connectivity during Distinct Stages of a Cognitive Task,” Neuroimage 23, no. 2 (2004): 752–763.
65
A.