The republic of Cicero. Marcus Cicero. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: Marcus Cicero
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Жанр произведения: Философия
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Whence fortitude in trouble and dangers? From those who having laid a foundation for these things in early education, have strengthened some of them by the influence of manners, and sanctioned others by the influence of laws. Of Xenocrates, one of the noblest of philosophers, it is said, that when he was asked what his disciples learnt of him, he replied “to do that of their own choice, which the laws enjoined them to do,” therefore the citizen who obliges every one by the authority and fear of the law to do that, which philosophers by reasoning, with difficulty persuade a few to do, is to be preferred to those learned men who only dispute about these things. For which of their orations, however exquisite, can be compared in value to a well constituted state, to public right and to morals. Truly as great and powerful cities, as Ennius says, are as I think, to be preferred to villages and castles; so those who stand pre-eminent in those cities, in authority and counsel, are to be esteemed far before those in wisdom, who are altogether ignorant of the conduct of public affairs. And since we are chiefly urged by a desire to increase the possessions of the human race, and seek by our counsels and labours, to surround the life of man with gratification and security, and are incited by the instincts of nature to these enjoyments; let us hold the course which was always that of the best men: nor attend to those signals which speculative philosophers make from their retirement, to allure back those who are already far advanced.

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      1

      His. Nat. 18. 3. 1.

      2

      Cato de Re Rustica. Majores enim nostri, &c.

      3

      Dio. 11. 8. Gellius xv. 27.

      4

      Roma patrem patriæ Ciceronem libera dixit. Juv. 8.

      5

      Magna Voce me vere jurasse juravit. Ep.

1

His. Nat. 18. 3. 1.

2

Cato de Re Rustica. Majores enim nostri, &c.

3

Dio. 11. 8. Gellius xv. 27.

4

Roma patrem patriæ Ciceronem libera dixit. Juv. 8.

5

Magna Voce me vere jurasse juravit. Ep. fam. 5. 2.

6

Quoniam, inquit, meos tam suspicione quam crimine judico carere oportere. Suet. J. Cæs. 74.

7

Sed quoniam qui nihil possunt, &c.

8

Ep. fam. 8. 14.

9

“Quid porro aut præclarum putet in rebus humanis.” Lib. 1. xvii.

10

Let. to Att. vii. 3.

11

Lact. Inst. vi. 8.