Herrscher des 9. Jahrhunderts:
Kaiser:
| 800 | - | 814 | Karl der Große |
| 813 | - | 840 | Ludwig der Fromme |
| 823 | - | 855 | Lothar I. |
| 855 | - | 875 | Ludwig II. |
| 875 | - | 877 | Karl II. (der Kahle) |
| 881 | - | 888 | Karl III. (der Dicke) |
| 891 | - | 894 | Guido von Spoleto |
| 894 | - | 898 | Lambert von Spoleto |
| 896 | - | 899 | Arnulf von Kärnten |
Öströmische Kaiser:
| 797 | - | 802 | Irene |
| 802 | - | 811 | Nikephoros |
| 811 | - | 811 | Stauriakos |
| 811 | - | 813 | Michael |
| 813 | - | 820 | Leo V. |
| 820 | - | 829 | Michael II. |
| 829 | - | 842 | Theophilos |
| 842 | - | 867 | Michael III. |
| 867 | - | 886 | Basileios |
| 886 | - | 912 | Leo VI. |
Päpste:
| 795 | - | 816 | Leo III. |
| 816 | - | 817 | Stephan IV. |
| 817 | - | 824 | Paschalis |
| 824 | - | 827 | Eugen II. |
| 827 | - | 827 | Valentin |
| 827 | - | 844 | Gregor IV. |
| 844 | - | 847 | Sergius II. |
| 847 | - | 855 | Leo IV. |
| 855 | - | 858 | Benedikt III. |
| 858 | - | 867 | Nikolaus I. |
| 867 | - | 872 | Hadrian II. |
| 872 | - | 882 | Johannes VIII. |
| 882 | - | 884 | Marinus |
| 884 | - | 885 | Hadrian III. |
| 885 | - | 891 | Stephan V. |
| 891 | - | 896 | Formosus |
| 896 | - | 896 | Bonifatius VI. |
| 896 | - | 897 | Stephan VI. |
| 897 | - | 897 | Romanus |
| 897 | - | 897 | Theodor II. |
| 898 | - | 900 | Johannes IX. |
Franken: