The Four Seals of the Dharma
Lama Khenpo Karma Ngedön
The Philosophers collection presents Buddhism’s fundamental ideas in the form of short, clear themed works. It makes the necessary elements for informed knowledge of Buddhism according to the various traditions accessible.
The Four Seals of the Dharma
Lama Khenpo Karma Ngedön
With a Preface by Professor Sempa Dorje
Translated from the French by Jourdie Ross
The Philosophers
RABSEL
Éditions
ORIGINAL TITLE : Les quatres sceaux du dharma
©Rabsel Editions 2018
Special thanks from the English translator to Marjorie Erickson.
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© Rabsel Éditions, La Remuée, France, 2021
e-ISBN 978-2-36017-030-2
Table of Contents
Preface by Professor Sempa Dorje
I. All Conditioned Phenomena Are Impermanent by Nature
The Reflection and Meditation on Impermanence
The Importance of the Meditation on Impermanence in the Beginning of Practice
The Importance of the Meditation on Impermanence During Practice
The Importance of Meditation on Impermanence at the End of Practice
II. All Contaminated Phenomena Are Suffering by Nature
The Different Types of Suffering
The Suffering of Birth, Sickness, Old Age, and Death
The Suffering of Experiencing What We Do Not Wish For
The Suffering of Being Unable to Obtain What We Desire
The Three Basic Forms of Suffering
The Suffering of the Six Realms of Samsara
The Importance of the Reflection on Liberation from Suffering
III. All Phenomena Are Empty and Devoid of Inherent Existence
Analysis of Inner Phenomena: The I and the Aggregates
The Identification of I with the Aggregates
The Identification of the I with a Name
The Identification of the I with the Sensory Organs
Identification of the I with the Sensations
The Mistaken Separation Between the Subject that Perceives and the Perceiving Object
All Outer Phenomena Are Like the Images of a Dream
The Inseparability of the Object’s Appearance and Its Emptiness