The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Читать онлайн. Newlib. NEWLIB.NET

Автор: United States. Central Intelligence Agency
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       .do

      Internet hosts:

       64,197 (2003)

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

       24 (2000)

      Internet users:

       500,000 (2003)

      Transportation Dominican Republic

      Railways:

       total: 1,743 km

       standard gauge: 375 km 1.435-m gauge

       narrow gauge: 142 km 0.762-m gauge

       note: additional 1,226 km operated by sugar companies in 1.076-m,

       0.889-m, and 0.762-m gauges (2004)

      Highways: total: 12,600 km paved: 6,224 km unpaved: 6,376 km (1999)

      Ports and harbors:

       Boca Chica, Puerto Plata, Rio Haina, Santo Domingo

      Merchant marine:

       total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 11,230 GRT/17,011 DWT

       by type: cargo 3 (2005)

      Airports:

       31 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 13 over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 18 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 10 (2004 est.)

      Military Dominican Republic

      Military branches:

       Army, Navy, Air Force

      Military service age and obligation:

       18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)

      Manpower available for military service:

       males age 18–49: 2,108,197 (2005 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

       males age 18–49: 1,420,693 (2005 est.)

      Manpower reaching military service age annually:

       males: 91,597 (2005 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure:

       $180 million (1998)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

       1.1% (1998)

      Transnational Issues Dominican Republic

      Disputes - international: increasing numbers of illegal migrants from the Dominican Republic cross the Mona Passage each year to Puerto Rico to find work

      Illicit drugs:

       transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US

       and Europe; has become a transshipment point for ecstasy from the

       Netherlands and Belgium destined for US and Canada; substantial

       money-laundering activity; Colombian narcotics traffickers favor the

       Dominican Republic for illicit financial transactions

      This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

      ======================================================================

      @East Timor

      Introduction East Timor

      Background:

       The Portuguese began to trade with the island of Timor in the early

       16th century and colonized it in mid-century. Skirmishing with the

       Dutch in the region eventually resulted in an 1859 treaty in which

       Portugal ceded the western portion of the island. Imperial Japan

       occupied East Timor from 1942 to 1945, but Portugal resumed colonial

       authority after the Japanese defeat in World War II. East Timor

       declared itself independent from Portugal on 28 November 1975 and

       was invaded and occupied by Indonesian forces nine days later. It

       was incorporated into Indonesia in July 1976 as the province of East

       Timor. An unsuccessful campaign of pacification followed over the

       next two decades, during which an estimated 100,000 to 250,000

       individuals lost their lives. On 30 August 1999, in a UN-supervised

       popular referendum, an overwhelming majority of the people of East

       Timor voted for independence from Indonesia. Between the referendum

       and the arrival of a multinational peacekeeping force in late

       September 1999, anti-independence Timorese militias - organized and

       supported by the Indonesian military - commenced a large-scale,

       scorched-earth campaign of retribution. The militias killed

       approximately 1,300 Timorese and forcibly pushed 300,000 people into

       West Timor as refugees. The majority of the country's

       infrastructure, including homes, irrigation systems, water supply

       systems, and schools, and nearly 100% of the country's electrical

       grid were destroyed. On 20 September 1999 the Australian-led

       peacekeeping troops of the International Force for East Timor

       (INTERFET) deployed to the country and brought the violence to an

       end. On 20 May 2002, East Timor was internationally recognized as an

       independent state.

      Geography East Timor

      Location:

       Southeastern Asia, northwest of Australia in the Lesser Sunda

       Islands at the eastern end of the Indonesian archipelago; note -

       East Timor includes the eastern half of the island of Timor, the

       Oecussi (Ambeno) region on the northwest portion of the island of

       Timor, and the islands of Pulau Atauro and Pulau Jaco

      Geographic coordinates:

       8 50 S, 125 55 E

      Map references:

       Southeast Asia

      Area:

       total: 15,007 sq km

       land: NA

       water: NA

      Area - comparative:

       slightly larger than Connecticut

      Land boundaries: total: 228 km border countries: Indonesia 228 km

      Coastline: 706 km

      Maritime claims: territorial sea: NA exclusive economic zone: NA continental shelf: NA exclusive fishing zone: NA

      Climate:

       tropical; hot, humid; distinct rainy and dry seasons

      Terrain:

       mountainous

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Timor Sea, Savu Sea, and Banda Sea 0 m

       highest point: Foho Tatamailau 2,963 m

      Natural resources:

       gold, petroleum, natural gas, manganese, marble

      Land use: arable land: 4.71% permanent crops: 0.67% other: 94.62% (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       1,065 sq km (est.)

      Natural hazards:

       floods and landslides are common; earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical