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American Diabetes Association
1701 North Beauregard Street
Alexandria, Virginia 22311
DOI: 10.2337/9781580406192
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Dagogo-Jack, Sam, 1954- , author. | American Diabetes Association, issuing body.
Title: Diabetes risks from prescription and non-prescription drugs: mechanisms and approaches to risk reduction / Sam Dagogo-Jack.
Description: Alexandria : American Diabetes Association, [2016] | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2015030720 | ISBN 9781580406192 (alk. paper)
Subjects: | MESH: Diabetes Mellitus--etiology. | Prediabetic State. |
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions. | Risk
Assessment--methods. | Risk Factors.
Classification: LCC RC660 | NLM WK 810 | DDC 616.4/62061--dc23
LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015030720
Dedication
This treatise on the expected and unexpected effects of commonly used prescription and nonprescription drugs on glucose metabolism is dedicated to the medicinal chemists, physicians, and scientists who serve society by discovering and testing medicinal products for the alleviation of human suffering and to the research volunteers and test subjects who make such knowledge possible.
Disclosures
Dr. Dagogo-Jack is a principal investigator or coinvestigator for clinical trials contracts between the University of Tennessee and AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, and Boehringer-Ingelheim and has served as a consultant and an advisory board member for Merck, Novo Nordisk, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi, and Janssen Pharmaceuticals. He also has served as an expert for Sidley Austin, and Adam and Reese, on diabetes-related litigation.
Table of Contents
1. Overview of Diagnosis, Classification, and Pathophysiology of Diabetes Diabetes Diagnosis of Diabetes and Prediabetes Demographic Factors Insulin Resistance Conclusion
2. Medications and Diabetes Risk: General Mechanisms Risk Factor versus Causation: The Bradford Hill’s Criteria Drugs Associated with Type 1 Diabetes Drugs Associated with Type 2 Diabetes
3. Glucocorticoid, Mineralocorticoid, and Immunomodulatory Agents Glucocorticoid Steroids Mineralocorticoids: Aldosterone and Glucoregulation Immunomodulatory Agents
4. Sex Steroids and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogs Estrogens and Progestins Androgens, Sex Hormone Binding Globulin, and Glucoregulation Androgen-Deprivation Therapy with Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonists
5. Antihypertensive Agents Diuretics β-Adrenoreceptor Blockers α-Adrenoreceptor Blockers Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Calcium-Channel Blockers Diazoxide and Other Peripheral Vasodilators Other Agents
6. Catecholamines, β-Adrenergic Agonists, and Bronchodilators β-Adrenergic Agonists Theophylline
7. Lipid-Lowering Agents Nicotinic Acid Statins Fibrates Colesevelam and Bile Acid Sequestrants Lipid-Lowering Drugs and Diabetes Complications
8. Antimicrobial Agents Antibiotics Fluoroquinolones Antiretroviral Agents
9. Atypical Antipsychotic and Antidepressant Agents Atypical Antipsychotic Agents Antidepressants
10. Recreational Drugs Alcohol Nicotine Marijuana and Cannabinoids Opioids Cocaine, Amphetamine, and Psychostimulant Drugs
11. Miscellaneous Agents Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Glucosamine, and Acetaminophen Thyroid Hormone Phenytoin and Anticonvulsants Growth Hormone Total Parenteral Nutrition and Inpatient Hyperglycemia
12. General Approach to Risk Reduction Lifestyle Intervention for Diabetes Prevention Limitations of Lifestyle Intervention Medications for Diabetes Prevention Limitations of Medications Current Guidelines for Use of Medications for Diabetes Prevention Diabetes Pharmacoprophylaxis
More than 29 million Americans currently have diabetes and approximately 86 million have prediabetes. People with diabetes often also require medications for several comorbid conditions (including hypertension, dyslipidemia,