Sovereign Soldiers
AMERICAN BUSINESS,
POLITICS, AND SOCIETY
Series editors:
Andrew Wender Cohen, Pamela Walker Laird,
Mark H. Rose, and Elizabeth Tandy Shermer
Books in the series American Business, Politics, and Society explore the relationships over time between governmental institutions and the creation and performance of markets, firms, and industries, large and small. The central theme of this series is that politics, law, and public policy—understood broadly to embrace not only lawmaking, but also the structuring presence of governmental institutions—has been fundamental to the evolution of American business from the colonial era to the present. The series aims to explore, in particular, developments that have enduring consequences.
A complete list of books in the series
is available from the publisher.
Sovereign Soldiers
How the U.S. Military
Transformed the Global Economy
After World War II
Grant Madsen
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA PRESS
PHILADELPHIA
Copyright © 2018 University of Pennsylvania Press
All rights reserved.
Except for brief quotations used for purposes of review or scholarly citation, none of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means without written permission from the publisher.
Published by
University of Pennsylvania Press
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4112
Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper
1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Madsen, Grant, author.
Title: Sovereign soldiers: how the U.S. military transformed the global economy after World War II / Grant Madsen.
Other titles: American business, politics, and society.
Description: 1st edition. | Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, [2018] | Series: American business, politics, and society | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017060415 | ISBN 9780812250367 (hardcover: alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: United States—Economic policy—1945–1960. | Economic history—1945–1971. | United States—Armed Forces—Stability operations. | Reconstruction (1939–1951)—Japan. | Reconstruction (1939–1951)—Germany. | United States—Foreign economic relations—History—20th century.
Classification: LCC HC106.5 .M354 2018 | DDC 330.943/0875—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017060415
To Carol and Gordon,
My models for being a historian,
scholar, and so much more
Contents
Chapter 1. When the Military Became an External State
Chapter 2. The War, the Economy, and the Army
Chapter 3. The Army in a Time of Depression
Chapter 4. The Army, the New Deal, and the Planning for the Postwar
Chapter 5. “This Thing Was Assembled by Economic Idiots”
Chapter 6. The Army Creates a Plan for Germany
Chapter 8. Political Progress in Japan—and Economic Decline
Chapter 9. “Recovery Without Fiction”
Chapter 10. Implementing the “Dodge Line”
Chapter 11. Truman and Eisenhower
Chapter 12. “The Great Equation”
Chapter 13. Protecting the Global Economy
Abbreviations
| DDEPL | Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Abilene, KS |
| HSTPL | Harry S. Truman Presidential Library, Independence, MO |
| NA | National Archives, College Park, MD |
| JDP | Joseph M. Dodge Papers, Detroit Public Library, Detroit, MI |
| OJMS | Occupation of Japan Microfiche Series, Suitland, MD; Congressional Information Service, Washington National Records Center, Bethesda, MD |
| HSP | Henry Stimson Papers, Yale University Library, Microfilm Collection, New Haven, CT |
| GML | George C. Marshall Research Library, Lexington, VA |
| FRUS | Foreign Relations of the United States, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC |
| PDDE | Papers of Dwight D. Eisenhower, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 1970 |
| APP | The American Presidency Project, by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/index.php |
Map 1. Allied occupation of Rhineland after World War