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Автор: Michael Chertoff
Издательство: Ingram
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Жанр произведения: Зарубежная деловая литература
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isbn: 9780812205886
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      HOMELAND

      SECURITY

       ASSESSING THE FIRST FIVE YEARS

      Michael Chertoff

      Foreword by Lee H. Hamilton

       PENN

      University of Pennsylvania Press

      Philadelphia

      Copyright © 2009 University of Pennsylvania Press

      All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations used for purposes of review or scholarly citation, none of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means without written permission from the publisher.

      Published by

      University of Pennsylvania Press

      Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4112

      Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper

      10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Chertoff, Michael, 1953–

      Homeland security : assessing the first five years / Michael Chertoff.

      p. cm.

      Includes bibliographical references and index.

      ISBN 978-0-8122-4202-7 (alk. paper)

      1. United States. Dept. of Homeland Security—Evaluation.

      2. National security—United States. I. Title.

      HV6432.4.C47 2009

      363.34'560973—dc22 2009008428

      Contents

       FOREWORD by Lee H. Hamilton

       INTRODUCTION

       THREATS

       1: Assessing the Dangers

       2: The Ideological Roots of Terror

       PREVENTION

       3: Securing the Border—and Reforming Immigration

       4: Using Every Tool

       5: Why Soft Power Works

       6: Why Washington Won't Work

       PROTECTION: REDUCING VULNERABILITIES

       7: Protecting and Preserving Infrastructure

       8: Cybersecurity

       9: Responding to IEDs at Home

       10: Managing Identity

       PREPARATION AND RESPONSE

       11: Managing Risk

       12: Biological Threats and Biodefenses

       13: The Question of FEMA and Homeland Security

       INTERNATIONAL DIMENSIONS

       14: Cooperation and Consensus Abroad

       15: The Responsibility to Contain

       Conclusion: Before September 11—and Since

       Notes

       Index

       Acknowledgments

      Foreword

       Lee H. Hamilton

      SINCE the September 11 attacks, the United States government has undergone dramatic reforms. Both during and after my tenure as vice chairman of the 9/11 Commission, I witnessed striking changes, ranging from the restructuring of our intelligence agencies to the creation of the Department of Homeland Security.

      These changes, despite some missteps, have generated genuine progress toward better securing the United States. Still, making our homeland more secure is a work in progress. The FBI has made counterterrorism a top priority, fundamentally changing the law enforcement culture and directive of the bureau. An integrated terrorist watch is now complete. Under a new Transportation Security Administration, airline security is tighter. US-VISIT helps ensure that people crossing our borders are who they say they are, though immigration reform remains on the backburner. And Washington, along with state and local governments and the private sector, has invested billions of dollars in protecting our communities and securing critical infrastructure at the federal, state, and local levels.

      Notwithstanding these and other efforts, it was the unanimous view of the 9/11 Commission that the United States faced the real prospect of further attacks—a view every expert we consulted in the course of our work shared. Terrorists continue to plot and plan another attack, and in an open and democratic society, defending the country at all times and in all places is practically impossible. Above all, we must not become complacent.

      We have yet to endure another terrorist attack on American soil. There are many reasons for that: the weakening of Al Qaeda, financial sanctions, better intelligence, more secure borders, tougher law enforcement, and a host of other steps to better protect the American people. In no small measure, credit belongs to initiatives like the ones I have cited—and to public servants like Michael Chertoff.

      As head of the Justice Department's Criminal Division, he led the investigation of the 9/11 attacks. In 2005 he gave up a lifetime federal judicial appointment on the Third Circuit to become the nation's second secretary of homeland security. There is always debate in Washington about what is the second toughest job in town. My candidate