The Covenant of the Torch. Abraham Park

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      “Remember the days of old,

       Consider the years of all generations.

       Ask your father, and he will inform you,

      Your elders, and they will tell you.”

      —Deuteronomy 32:7

      Published by Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd., with editorial offices at 61 Tai Seng Avenue, #02–12, Singapore 534167.

      Copyright © 2010 Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd.

      First Korean edition published by Huisun in 2007. www.pyungkang.com

      Photographs © 2010 Hanan Isachar /www.isachar-photography.com

      Scripture quotations taken from the New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation.

      All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission from the publisher.

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Park, Abraham.

      The covenant of the torch : a forgotten encounter in the history of the exodus and wilderness journey / by Abraham Park.

      p. cm.

      Includes bibliographical references and index.

      ISBN 978-1-4629-0207-1

      1. Exodus, The. I. Title.

      BS1199.E93P37 2010

      231.7’6--dc22

      2009041914

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      Printed in Singapore

      13 12 11 10 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3

      Contents

      Introduction

       A Forgotten Encounter • 10

       List of Abbreviations • 15

       Part One

      The Covenant of the Torch and God’s Administration in the History of Redemption • 17

      Chapter 1 Jesus Christ, the Center of God’s Administration of Redemption • 18

      1. Jesus Christ, the Center of the History of Redemption • 18

      2. Jesus Christ’s Work of Atonement • 21

      Chapter 2 The Divine Administration of Redemption and the Covenant • 30

      1. The Meaning of the Word Covenant • 31

      2. Characteristics of the Covenant with God • 32

      3. Types of Covenants • 33

      4. The Gradual Expansion of Covenantal Revelations • 36

       Part Two

      The Covenant of the Torch and the Four Generations • 41

      Chapter 3 The Content and Confirmation of the Covenant • 42

      1. The Content of the Covenant • 42

      2. The Confirmation of the Covenant • 43

      3. The Covenant and God’s Faithfulness • 45

      Chapter 4 The Time of Ratification • 47

      1. The Calculation of the Year of the Exodus • 47

      2. The Calculation of the Time of Ratification • 49

      Chapter 5 The Meaning of the Prophecy “In the Fourth Generation They Will Return” • 51

      1. Calculating One Generation as 100 Years: The View that 400 Years (Gen 15:13) Are Equivalent to Four Generations (Gen 15:16) • 52

      2. Are 400 Years Equivalent to Four Generations? • 54

      Chapter 6 The Starting Point of the Four Generations • 57

      1. The Viewpoint that Four Generations Are Counted from the Time when Abraham’s Descendants Settled in Egypt • 57

      2. The Viewpoint that Four Generations Are Counted from Abraham • 58

       Part Three

      The History of the Patriarchs • 63

      Chart: The Chronology of the Patriarchs: Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph (360 years, from 2166 to 1806 BC) • 65

      Chapter 7 The History of Abraham • 72

      1. The Birth of Abraham (Gen 11:26) • 72

      2. The Calling of Abraham (Gen 11:26–32; 12:1–5; Acts 7:2–4) • 73

      3. The Ratification of the Covenant of the Torch (Gen 15:7–21) • 74

      4. Abraham Takes Sarah’s Maidservant Hagar (Gen 16:1–3) • 74

      5. The Birth of Ishmael through Hagar (Gen 16:1–16) • 75

      6. Abram and Sarai Renamed (Gen 17:5, 15–16); The Covenant of Circumcision (Gen 17:9–14) • 76

      7. The Birth of Isaac, the Covenantal Son (Gen 21:1–5) • 77

      Chapter 8 The History of Isaac • 79

      1. Hagar and Ishmael Are Cast Out to the Wilderness of Paran (Gen 21:8–21) • 79

      2. Isaac Is Given as a Burnt Offering on a Mountain in Moriah (Gen 22:1–18) • 80

      3. The Death of Sarah (Age 127) and Purchase of the Cave of Machpelah (Gen 23:1–2) • 81